Human Genome Project (Credit:NHGRI)
DNA present in 46 chromosomes of each and every human body cell consitutes human genome. DNA essentially is four nucleotides bases A, C, G & T repeated 3 billion times, so uniquely, to make all the difference between human beings and other life forms. This blueprint of life can be segmented into regions called genes, responsible for specific functions. Mapping of human genome was completed through a multi-nation effort in 2003. Further analysis is still being published. In India, Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology mapped the human genome in 2009. All these efforts have provided a big boost to basic biological research and healthcare.
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